Florida Business Lawyers Blog

When you decide that you want to pursue litigation to resolve a commercial dispute issue, there are several choices that you must make. One of those is where to file the lawsuit. You must make sure that the place you’ve selected is somewhere where the courts have jurisdiction and also somewhere that is an appropriate venue for the case. These are two different legal concepts and are governed by two separate legal standards. A shortcoming on either one, whether it is a lack of jurisdiction or improper venue, can result in your case being moved or dismissed. Contact a knowledgeable South Florida commercial litigation attorney to make sure your case has what it takes to clear all of the procedural hurdles.

A recent contract dispute in Florida was an example of this issue in action. The underlying dispute was one between an Alachua County church and a Martin County-based cell phone tower services provider. The church and the provider had a written management agreement that described the contents of their deal.

The relationship deteriorated and the provider sued, alleging breach of contract. The provider brought its case on its “home turf,” filing in Nineteenth Judicial Circuit, which is in Martin County. That led the church to fight back by filing a motion asking the judge dismiss the case or else to transfer it away from Martin County due to improper venue. The plaintiff asserted that Martin County was a proper venue because it was asking for liquidated damages payable in that county.

If you are trying to resolve your commercial litigation action through settlement, and you and the other side agree to a settlement, you may have various tools to force the other side to honor the terms of that deal. One is to ask the court to issue an order to enforce the settlement agreement. When you ask the court to issue such an order, it is very important to have ample evidence to establish that you and the other side had an enforceable agreement. You need some sort of persuasive proof that establishes that there was a clear set of terms and that there was mutual assent to those terms. To help you accumulate and present the evidence you need in your case, be sure you have experienced South Florida commercial litigation counsel representing you.

As an example of the sort of proof that is sufficient, and what is insufficient, a recent case from here in South Florida is illustrative. A Florida real estate deal that failed was the basis for litigation. A Palm Beach County optometry office sued a real estate entity over the failed deal. The parties litigated for a period of years, then began to negotiate a settlement.

Disagreement erupted anew after the sides disputed whether or not they’d actually consummated a binding settlement agreement. The defendants, believing that they had a binding settlement in place, asked the judge to issue an order to enforce the agreement. In support of their motion, the defendants brought to the judge emails between their lawyers and the plaintiffs’ lawyers, as well as a deposition given by the representative of the defendants’ insurer.

Back in 2015, the resolution of a British commercial litigation action provided a lesson in how small details can have big importance. The resolution of a $29 million (U.S.) contract dispute hinged upon the interpretation of one single word in the contract. Here in Florida, the difference between success and defeat in commercial litigation actions can similarly mean that millions of dollars may hinge upon just a few words. That’s why, whether you’re negotiating, executing or litigating a commercial contract, it pays to have South Florida commercial litigation counsel who knows how to deliver results.

Here is a case that is just another recent example. In 2016, the owner of several medical centers and health care entities agreed to sell an 80% ownership stake in the corporate entities that controlled those assets. A West Palm Beach-based private investment firm agreed to make the purchase, with the sides agreeing to a purchase price in excess of $100 million. The precise amount was to be calculated based upon a stated multiplier of the seller’s operating business earnings. The contract also laid out a non-judicial mechanism for resolving disputes if there was disagreement about the exact purchase amount.

A dispute did erupt and the seller sued in state court in Miami. The buyer then filed a motion asking the judge to issue an order compelling the two sides to use the non-judicial dispute resolution process stated in the contract. The mechanism in question involved the “designation of a neutral accountant” and the use of certain procedures outlined in the agreement.

When you are suing a business entity in Florida, one of the things you must be able to demonstrate is that the entity you’ve sued has what the law calls sufficient “minimum contacts” with the jurisdiction where you’ve brought your case. If you don’t have this proof, then the defendant may well be able to file a successful motion to dismiss, with the judge ruling that the court lacks jurisdiction to enter a judgment against the defendant. To make sure that your breach of contract action doesn’t get scuttled by this or other procedural problems, be sure you have representation from a skilled South Florida commercial litigation attorney.

There are several ways that you can establish personal jurisdiction over an out-of-state entity under what’s nicknamed Florida’s “Long Arm” statute. If, for example, the defendant engages in business in this state, breached a contract here, owns real estate in the Sunshine State, or “was engaged in solicitation or service activities within this state,” then any of those activities can trigger jurisdiction and allow you to pursue that entity in the Florida courts. (There are other bases listed in the statute, as well.)

These issues were at the center of one recent breach-of-contract lawsuit. The underlying disagreement was one over aircraft parts. One of the parties, a California-based company, held the parts in dispute at its facility in Los Angeles County. However, the other party, when deciding to pursue legal action, brought its case in state court in Miami-Dade County. This led the defendant company to ask the Florida judge to dismiss the plaintiff’s lawsuit. The defendant’s argument was that the Florida courts lacked personal jurisdiction over it.

When you are negotiating your commercial lease, you may be focused on things that feel the most immediate. Matters like the lease term, rental rate and CAM charges/fees all factor into your decision-making process. However, the spectrum of possible benefits or added responsibilities that your commercial lease can give you, or impose on you, can go much, much further. Even considerations like determining whether or not a tenant is liable to a landlord’s insurer for a fire in the tenant’s space may come down to exactly how the lease was written. In other words, every aspect and each detail potentially matters, so be sure your interests are protected by a knowledgeable South Florida commercial leasing attorney.

One recent example of this concept played out in state court in Miami. A restaurant chain signed a 190-month lease for a space in Miami Beach in 2010. Almost five years into the lease, a fire broke out in the restaurant’s kitchen. The insurance company that insured the property eventually paid the landlord more than $2.1 million. Subsequently, however, the insurance company took action against the tenant, filing a subrogation claim and seeking to recover damages from the tenant.

The tenant defended against the insurer’s subrogation action by asking the judge to dismiss the case. The tenant’s argument was that, based upon the language in the lease agreement it signed with the landlord, it was an implied co-insured with the landlord. (If the tenant was an implied co-insured, then the insurer couldn’t pursue subrogation; if it wasn’t, then the insurer could.)

When you are involved in a commercial litigation case, there are several possible negative outcomes that can occur. Obviously, there is the possibility that the other side will win. Sometimes, though, even in a case that eventually ends with a successful final result for your side, the mere process of going through litigation against a particular opponent has the potential to be injurious to your business interests. For example, the pre-trial process can possibly leave you vulnerable to invasive discovery requests. When it comes to not only getting the final outcome you deserve, but also getting protection from improper disclosure demands, you need a skilled South Florida commercial litigation attorney on your side.

A Plantation-based software development company found itself in exactly that kind of potential predicament recently. It had sued an Arizona gaming company in Broward County for breach of contract after, allegedly, it had rendered its services and the gaming company had failed to pay for those services.

In reaction to the filing, the gaming company sought quite a bit of the software company’s financial information through discovery. The types of information the gaming company sought included the software company’s “profit margin, estimates, projections, cost analysis or formula to determine profit for agreement.” The gaming company also asked the software company to hand over all documents related to those financial topics. The gaming company claimed that the disclosures were necessary as part of its pursuit of a counterclaim against the software company, alleging that the software company understaffed the gaming company’s project.

Protecting your business interests can take many forms. It may involve carefully negotiating a contract, or ensuring that the agreement that is drafted matches the results of the contract negotiations. Ideally, the contract you end up with will be flawless. Even if it isn’t, though, the flaws that may exist will not necessarily result in the invalidation of sweeping portions of the contract. As always, a knowledgeable South Florida commercial litigation attorney can give you the advice you need about your specific circumstances.

A case from the “Space Coast” provides an example. The underlying construction job was a residential condominium project in Brevard County that involved several buildings. After the construction was completed, the condo association sued the general contractor for alleged construction defects. The general contractor, asserting that the defects were really the fault of several subcontractors, filed a series of lawsuits against those subcontractors for contractual and common law indemnification.

Each of the agreements between the general contractor and the subcontractors contained the same indemnification provision. That indemnification provision was the key to the subcontractors’ defenses, as they argued that it was legally void and unenforceable. Specifically, the subcontractors argued that the provision didn’t comply with Section 725.06 of the Florida Statutes, which requires that all indemnification provisions in contracts for the “construction, alteration, repair, or demolition” of buildings must contain ‘a monetary limitation on the extent of the indemnification that bears a reasonable commercial relationship to the contract.’”